What is the latest EIP-7706 proposed by Vitalik? An article to sort out the current Ethereum Gas mechanism

1. Vitalik released the EIP-7706 proposal on May 14, 2024, proposing a supplementary solution to the existing Gas model, separating the gas calculation of calldata, and customizing a base fee pricing mechanism similar to Blob gas to further reduce the operating cost of L2.
2. Ethereum adopted two proposals, EIP-1559 and EIP-4844, to improve the Gas model. EIP-1559 adopts a dual pricing model of Base fee and Priority fee. EIP-4844 proposed Blob Transaction, introduced Blob data type, and optimized Gas consumption.
3. EIP-4844 encapsulates the key information of L2 into blob data through blob transaction, and uses versionedHash to implement the logic of on-chain verification, reducing the Gas cost of the Rollup sorter without squeezing the transaction packaging capacity of the block.
4. The EIP-7706 proposal optimizes the Gas model of the calldata type, uses an exponential function to calculate the base fee, and introduces the LIMIT_TARGET_RATIOS parameter design to keep the usage of calldata in a relatively consistent state and reduce the probability of calldata reaching the gas limit.
5. The implementation of these proposals aims to reduce the operating cost of L2, optimize Gas consumption, and at the same time clear obstacles for the development of L2 and improve the efficiency and stability of the entire Ethereum ecosystem.